Format overview
| Format | Type | Carries | Best for |
|---|---|---|---|
| STEP AP242 | ISO standard | Solids, assemblies, PMI, metadata | General 3D exchange, model-based definition |
| STEP AP203 / AP214 | ISO standard (older) | Solids, assemblies, colours (AP214) | Wide compatibility with older systems |
| IGES | Legacy standard | Surfaces, curves, wireframe | Legacy data, surface-only exchange |
| Parasolid (x_t, x_b) | Kernel format | Precise solids | SOLIDWORKS, NX, Solid Edge and other Parasolid-based tools |
| ACIS (sat) | Kernel format | Precise solids | ACIS-based applications |
| JT | ISO standard | Lightweight visualisation, optional precise geometry, PMI | Visualisation, digital mock-up, supplier sharing |
| 3D PDF | Document | Viewable 3D, PMI, BOM | Sharing with non-CAD users |
| DXF / DWG | 2D (and basic 3D) | Geometry, layers, blocks | Drawings, laser and plasma cutting |
| STL / 3MF | Mesh | Triangulated surfaces | 3D printing |
What gets lost in translation
- Feature history: neutral formats transfer the result, not how it was built.
- Parameters and constraints: the model is "dumb" in the receiving system.
- Properties and metadata: only partly supported, depending on format and translator.
- Precision issues: gaps and bad faces when tolerances differ between kernels.
Choosing a format
- Same kernel on both sides? Use the kernel format (Parasolid or ACIS).
- Different systems, precise geometry needed? Use STEP AP242 (or AP214).
- Only viewing or mock-up? Use JT or 3D PDF.
- Manufacturing 2D? Use DXF.
Automating translation and validation
Many companies exchange hundreds of files per week with suppliers. An automated pipeline can convert files, check geometry (valid solids, volume and mass compared with the source) and log results:
Released model → export STEP AP242 + JT → re-import check
→ compare volume / surface area with native model (< 0.01% difference)
→ package with PDF drawing → deliver to supplier portalAlways validate translated files. A silent geometry error is worse than a failed export.
Data exchange with ENGIMANDI
We build automated translation and validation tools. See automated PDF, DWG, DXF and STEP export and our CAD integration services.